NEWS: Hollywood Reporter-New media

April 01, 2005
Hollywood Reporter
Private cash flows freely in new media landscape


By Diane Mermigas
CHICAGO -- The ongoing infusion of as much as $15 billion private equity into new and old media deals will alter some ownership and economic dynamics of an industry that's already being transformed by digital interactivity....
Consummate dealmaker John Malone, chairman of Liberty Media, said "I see this as a real tension between the forms of ownership and the willingness of the private equity world, including the hedge funds, to leverage the bejesus out of things with cheap money and pay top prices, because they can play this game. And the returns on equity can be very attractive," Malone said Tuesday during the Banc of America Securities Media, Telecommunications and Entertainment conference in New York.


"Money is pouring into the private equity world because of that phenomenon. And the corporate world is scared to death of taking risk and going to high leverage. They would rather sit there and pay full tax rate on the margin and produce relatively low ROE (return on earnings)," said Malone, who made himself and other Liberty shareholders wealthy in the 1980s by leveraging the portfolio company's assets and strategic investments.
"There is a real mismatch between what private equity values things at and can value things at, and what public corporations can and do value things at," Malone said.

...
"In the past, private equity investors generally kept their hands off of the fundamental processes of the businesses they bought into, even though they cut costs. But the search for new business models could see some of these private nonmedia investors playing a larger role in the industry's reconstruction," a prominent executive close to the action said.

"Private investors may not be selling the same businesses in five years that they are buying today in this environment simply because technology is bringing about so much change that ultimately will change some media economics and valuations," one prominent investment banker said. "They will do what they have to do to get a good return on their investment."

...
Last year, there were a record-high 61 private equity media deals, or 11% of the overall total of 552 equity transactions involving U.S. media concerns. The volume of private equity dealmaking more than doubled from 2002, which was a record year for media deals overall, according to statistics recently compiled by Veronis Suhler Stevenson. The New York-based investment banking firm has private equity investments in all forms of media, with a collective value of $7 billion.

A record one-third, or about $20 billion, of the $60 billion in enterprise value of overall media deals last year was tied to private equity participation, which actually amounted to $6 billion in actual investments, the firm said.
...
"When you have dislocation and lack of clarity about the future in a mature market, there is usually tremendous opportunity for venture capital and private equity to fill in, take calculated risk, and win," said Dennis Miller, managing director of Constellation Ventures, Bear Stearns Asset Management, is a seasoned media executive with a keen interest in new content and distribution applications. ...

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NEWS: WSJ- Wave of Megamergers

Big Companies Look to DealsFor Spurring Profit Growth;Private Equity's Brief Pause
By DENNIS K. BERMAN Staff Reporter of THE WALL STREET JOURNALApril 1, 2005; Page C13

Wall Street calls them "elephant deals," multibillion-dollar mergers and acquisitions that can roil an industry, shock the stock market and leave tens of thousands of job cuts in their wake.
A herd of elephants paraded through the first three months of 2005, and by all indications the procession will continue through the rest of the year.

One by one they came -- first Procter & Gamble Co.'s purchase of razor maker Gillette Co., a deal valued at $55 billion when it was announced; then telecommunications concern SBC Communications Inc.'s $14.7 billion purchase of business icon AT&T Corp.; followed by Verizon Communications Inc.'s recently sweetened $7.5 billion takeover of MCI Inc.; and lastly, Federated Department Stores Inc.'s $10.5 billion acquisition of May Department Stores Co

Inside big companies, "there isn't much more cost cutting to be done, so the only way to drive earnings growth is to drive revenue growth, and a lot of people are looking at M&A," says Peter Lyons, co-head of the mergers-and-acquisitions group at law firm Shearman & Sterling.

...Jack Levy, head of mergers at New York investment bank Goldman Sachs Group Inc., takes a more cautious view, saying, "The market is certainly good, and the market will continue to be quite healthy, but in a restrained way." He says directors of the nation's largest companies still are very critical when assessing a merger plan, taking months to weigh the merits of a deal.

...What pushed these deals to the finish line? The bankers and lawyers who craft the deals cite a number of factors: Low interest rates, solid stock prices and the announcement of other deals -- which is making deal making acceptable to managers and boards.

...One driving force are private-equity funds, which are sitting on hundreds of billions of dollars of cash and are eager to put the money to work before their borrowing costs -- directly affected by interest rates -- increase.
"The private-equity players, hedge funds and pension funds have a trillion dollars to invest," says Boon Sim, head of Credit Suisse First Boston's merger department for the Americas. "You're going to see a lot more $10 billion-plus deals."

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NEWS: WSJ- Carlyle's $10 Billion Fund

The private-equity industry has its first $10 Billion Man: Carlyle Group.

The Washington, D.C.-based fund that invests in corporate buyouts today will take the wraps off its newest funds, having raised $7.85 billion for making U.S. investments and an additional $2.2 billion for European purchases, according to Carlyle officials. The U.S. fund is the largest buyout fund ever raised.

And Carlyle will be able to borrow about $45 billion against that $10 billion. That total is more than the combined market capitalizations of Nike Inc. and Ford Motor Co., with plenty of change to spare.

Ego and hubris are an inevitable part of this world, and the race to create the first $10 billion fund has become an industry parlor game. But the sheer size of recent deals is forcing the firms to become ever-bigger pools of capital. Finding the funding is no problem for the field's biggest names. Cash is streaming in, offered by big pension funds, institutions and very wealthy investors seeking returns that historically are touted as outpacing the overall stock market. Carlyle, in fact, turned away about $2 billion in prospective investments.

...For the largest deals, "You are at a competitive advantage to drive the transaction if you can lead the equity with a $1 billion commitment," says Michael Klein, head of global banking at Citigroup Inc.

..."The capital is there, the financing is there and the kinds of companies willing to consider it are there," Citigroup's Mr. Klein said.

...In all, an estimated $1 trillion in capital is available to the world's private-equity firms, a figure that factors in the amount of debt that banks are willing to lend against the firms' raised equity.
Such scale brings its own set of challenges. Private-equity firms are relatively tiny organizations, often staffed by just a few dozen people. As they do more -- and bigger -- deals, they will have to expand their infrastructure. And pursuing bigger targets means they will have to stage more "club deals" that bring in capital from a group of firms. That raises concerns about management control and whether returns from these firms will begin to look the same.

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NEWS: Private Equity Is Backing More IPOs

By LYNN COWAN DOW JONES NEWSWIRESMarch 28, 2005; Page C4

Back in the halcyon days of the Internet-stock boom, it was a safe bet that venture capitalists were behind many of the IPOs coming to market.

...This quarter that trend toward private-equity-backed IPOs has continued. Fourteen of the 40 U.S. IPOs that came to market so far this year, or 35%, were backed by large private-equity firms such as Blackstone, compared with 34% a year ago and 31% in the final quarter of 2004, according to deal tracker Dealogic.

In contrast, just seven venture-capital-backed IPOs have started trading this year, compared with 10 in the first quarter of 2004, according to data from VentureOne, a research firm owned by Dow Jones & Co., publisher of The Wall Street Journal. At the height of the IPO market, in the first quarter of 2000, 70 deals were venture-backed, according to VentureOne.

Economist: Private Equity New King of Capitalism